⸮ Αlpha · Mysteries of the Hanging Gardens (Αλφα) ?
¿ Was ?
⸮ The Supreme Mystery of the Lost 7th Wonder of the World The Hanging Gardens of Babylon ?
⸮ Was It Real ? The
Quintessential Mystery of the alleged Ancient Mesopotamian Hanging Gardens
Due to the lack of Conclusive Evidence · At this time ; we cannot be certain if the ancient Hanging Gardens ever existed. Let alone, where it was located, or who commissioned it. If it did exist than perhaps it will be discovered in the future. However this area has also been at war since the dawn of time, and there are many theories and speculations
about the location, creator, and destruction of the HG
including wars and natural disasters destroying it. - Sol Falcone Founder & Director Sovereign
of the Nu Hanging Gardens of Babylon
And the Hanging Gardens of Babalon
Time Line
- 811-806 BCE : Sammu-Ramat aka Queen Semiramis allegedly Ruled the Neo-Assyrian Empire
- 705 - 681 BCE : King Sennacherib rules Neo-Assyrian Empire (which includes Babylonia
- 605 - 562 BCE : King Nebuchadnezzar II Ruled Neo-Babylonian Empire.
- 484 – 425/413 : Herodotus Lived : Historian whose known works describe Babylon but do Not mention the HG
- 404 - 398/397 BCE : Ctesias : wrote Persica which whose account of the HG is cited by others
- 310/301 BCE (apx) : Clitarchus : completed History of Alexander whose account of the HG is cited by others
- 350–290 BCE : Megasthenes Lived : Historian whose account of the HG is cited by others
- Ealry 3rd Century BCE : Berossus Lived : Historian whose account of the HG is cited by others (from his lost work Babylonaica)
- 280– 220 BCE : Philo Lived : who accounts of the HG in a list of the 7 Wonders Of The World
- 2nd Century BCE (apx) : Antipater of Sidon Lived : who is commonly attributed to the account of the HG in a Poem of the 7 Wonders of the World which is Found in the Greek Anthologies
- 100 - 36 BCE : Alexander Polyhistor lived : Historian whose account of the HG is cited by others, (he allegedly cited Berosus)
- 90 BCE - 30 CE : Diodorus Siculus lived : Historian who accounts of the HG in Bibliotheca historica
- 50 BCE - 50CE ? (apx) Antipater of Thessalonica lived : who some attribute to the account of the HG in a Poem of the 7 Wonders of the World which is Found in the Greek Anthologies
- 1st Century CE : Curtius Rufus lived : Historian who accounts of the HG in historiae alexandri magni
- 37/38 - 100 CE : Flavius Josephus lived : Historian who accounts of the HG in Jewish Antiquities and Contra Apion
- 62 BCE - 24 CE : Strabo Lived : Historian who accounts of the HG in Geographica
- 275–339 : Eusebius Lived : Historian who accounts of the HG in Chronographies and Praeparatio Evangelica (he allegedly cited Abydenus, who allegedly cited Eusebius, who [may be citing Polyhistor and or Berosus when he] cites Abydenus
Note :
- that BCE (Before Common Era) Dates are read Backwards and End where CE (Common Era) Begins
- many if not most of these dates are approximations
- "Historian whose account of the HG is cited by others" The original works of these autors are lost, they exist only in fragments cited and quoted by others, thus we cannot know for certain what exactly they wrote.
-4th Centure BCE : some possible sources of Cleitarchus where living in Alexandria at the same time as Cleitarchus, including his Father Dinon, and Alexander the Great's Court Historian, Biographer, Military Fleet Commander, Helmsman, & Rank and File¹ Veterans.
¹ Side Note Rank and File while denoting members of the common body also is the organization of a combat phalanxe, which was used by Alexander the Great.
Sources :
https://www.ancient.eu/Hanging_Gardens_of_Babylon/
https://www.livius.org
http://www.plinia.net/wonders/gardens/index.html
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/home.html
https://www.wikipedia.org/
* Citation Needs Standardized
✵ Map 🧭 Of Ancient Mesopotamia 🗺️
Modified by Sol Falcone :To Zoom In On Most Relevant Locations & To show added general location of Teredon / Terendos
Based on Map of the Neo-Assyrian Empire in 824 BC : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Assyria.pngAuthor : Käyttäjä:Ningyou @ https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4ytt%C3%A4j%C3%A4:Ningyou - Permission : public domainBased on a map in 'Atlas of the Bible Lands', C S Hammond & Co (1959), ISBN 9780843709414.
Note that [in the future] this page will have better citation and annotation.In the mean time please refer to the Historical Accounts of the H.G. Page especially the "Contextual Extracts" for referencing the sources of the information presented here.
There is No Conclusive Evidence to confirm Wither Or Not the Hanging Gardens Existed.
There is not enough evidence to confirm any theories, regargding it's : Existance, Creator, Location, Era, etc.
There is also not enough evidence to confirm that it did not exist.
There is a lack of any compelling evidence of the Actuality of : "The Hanging Gardens of Babylon" - The "Lost 7th Wonder of the World" ;
as accounted by the Authors and Historians from the Hellenistic Era,
whom allege to be citing older authors whose works are lost to us now.
There is a lack of any compelling evidence of the Theory : That the H.G. was created by King Nebuchadnezzar II in Babylon for Queen Amytis.
Which is the most common Theory, and is stated by some of those Greco-Roman Era authors.
There is also not enough evidence to confirm the Theory that King Sennacherib created the Hanging Gardens in Nineveh or elsewhere.
However this does seem to be a worthy line of inquiry.
And when it is capable of doing so The Nu H.G. will contribute support to the efforts of those investigating this Theory.
Furthermore there is almost no known evidence to support the Theories : That Queen Semiramis created the Hanging Gardens.
However she may or may not have had Gardens, there is also not enough difinitive evidence on that matter.
Further research needs to be done into all theories.
However unless and until conclusive physical evidence is uncovered,
which is proven enough to hold consensus in the anthropological community, The Nu H.G. will not make any definitive statements as to the actuallity of the Alleged Ancient Mesopotamian Hanging Gardens.
I do not assert any conclusion as to the historical actuality of the ancient Hanging Gardens of Babylon.
nor is it the place of this page, nor of my organization ....
to assert a conclusion as to the historical fact or fiction of the Ancient Hanging Gardens of Babylon
or of any alternative locations and actualities of the legendary Hanging Gardens. ...
.... My organization uses this legend as a powerful Mythos- Sol Falcone
Founder & Director Sovereign of the Nu Hanging Gardens of Babylon
And the Hanging Gardens of Babalon
?
TIme Line Map
Did the H.G. actualy Exist ?
Yes or No ?
- Supportive Evidence
- Counter Evidence
- Conflicting Information
Supportive Evidence
The Supportive Evidence while noteworthy is all inconclusive in nature.
Several Writers and Historians from the ancient Greco-Roman Era
accounted of the Hanging Gardens in thier work.
Most of them claimed to be citing older historians, whose works are now lost,
but have been cited by frequently and survive in excerpts and fragments.
While there is conflicting details in these accounts they do all seem to covney the same general structure,
a grand botanical gardens.
The Hanging Gardens was also counted among The Seven Wonders of the World
A list of architectural marvels of the ancient world,
of which there is conclusive evidence confirming every other Wonder.
There is also in the writings of these Hellenistic Era Authors accounts of the works of Queen Semiramis
including a Planted Park, and the Mounds of Semiramis.
Which could also be interpreted as Botanical Gardens potentially the Hanging Gardens.
There is also in the art and inscriptions of the ancient Mesopotamians themselves,
records of the works of King Sennacherib including an Orchard and Garden.
which could also be interpreted as Botanical Gardens, potentially the Hanging Gardens.
It is also the recored that the ancient mesopotamians had botanical gardens.
It is also know that the Persians had grand Botanical Gardens.
Including the Pairidaeza (Persian) aka Paradeisos (Greek) aka Paradise (English)
The H.G. is also described in some of the Greco-Roman Era Accounts as a Pensile Paradise.
?
Did the H.G. actualy Exist ?
TIme Line Map
Yes or No ?
- Supportive Evidence
- Counter Evidence
- Conflicting Information
Counter Evidence
Counter Evidence while noteworthy is also inconclusive in nature.
Probably the most damning evidence against the existence of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon
is that the list of streets and buildings from ancient [neo] Babylon does not list the Hanging Gardens,
and that the list of acheivements of King Nebuchadnezzar II from his own scribes
does not make any mention of the Hanging Gardens.
(see the Page on the Basalt Stone Inscription).
The accounts of the Hanging Gardens from the writers and Historians from the ancient Greco-Roman Era,
have considerable problems ;
There is inconsistency and conflicting details.
Some of the writers of the Greco-Roman Era have a reputation among modern scholars
for embellishing the truth, including Cleitarchus and Berosus
whom many accounts seem to trace back to.
Along the same lines, the only surviving accounts for the Lost 7th Wonder of the World
the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, are from authors much later than this alleged renown botanical gardens.
Even worse, they claim to be referencing and quoting the works of older authors,
however those books are Lost, we cannot Truly confirm their authenticity.
There is no compelling evidence of the theories that Queen Semiramis created the Hanging Gardens.
There is also debate over her actuality, and the truth of what is written about her,
which like many ancient mysteries is also conflicting.
There is no compelling evidence of the theories that King Sennacherib created the Hanging Gardens.
?
Did the H.G. actualy Exist ?
TIme Line Map
Yes or No ?
- Supportive Evidence
- Counter Evidence
- Conflicting Information
"Conflicting Information"
Much of the information on the subject of the Hanging Gardens
could indicate either it's existence, some confuion of ancient authors and records, even here-say,
as well indicate it being a legend without factual basis.
The list of acheivements of King Nebuchadnezzar II from his own scribes ;does not make any mention of the Hanging Gardens. (see the Page on the Basalt Stone Inscription)The list of the accomplishments of King Nebuchadnezzar II which is quoted in the Greco-Roman Era accounts and stated to have come from the works of Berosus, follows in the same sequence, however the Hanging Gardens are listed at the end in those accounts, and it is not listed in the Babylonian Inscription.
Several Writers and Historians from the ancient Greco-Roman Era accounted of the Hanging Gardens in thier work.
However There is inconsistency, conflicting details, here-say, and a lack of "chain of evidence"
due to the older works being lost to us now.
we have many extractions citing them, we can analyze them for consistency
from multiple sources quoting these lost works,
we can analyze wording, and writing styles, to consider if it came from the same person it is claimed to,
etc, and we may have fragments of them...
However we cannot Truly confirm their authenticity.
Even if we could confirm they came from the sources they are claimed to have been there is again their reputation for embellishing the truth.
The theories that Queen Semiramis created the Hanging Gardens while plausible have little to no support in direct statements from ancient writings, and have no physical evidence to support them. Not to mention the debate surrounding her actuality and what is written of her. The theories that King Sennacherib created the Hanging Gardens. while a worthy line of inquiry is still lacking in hard evidence. This theory really should be investigated thoroughly. While it is recorded that the ancient Mesopotamians had great gardens that is circumstantial evidence at best. While it is known that the ancient Persians had great gardens, and considering the reference to the HG as a Pensile Paradise, this could point towards multiple directions, it could indicate that a confusion of times and places, it could indicate that one of the older accounts was based on myths about the origins of Persian Gardens, or it could indicate a possible origin of the great tradition of Persian Gardens. And while The Hanging Gardens of Babylon was also counted among The Seven Wonders of the World, a prestigous list well earned by all other Wonders, of which have all been found.... except the Lost 7th Wonder........ One might well assume that the list was made by those who saw and visited these wonders themselves.... However it is also possible that the Hanging Gardens was added to the list from some legend and without confirmation... It is even possible that a Mythical 7th Wonder was purposefully added for any number of reasons, perhaps as the ultimate practical joke, or to decieve, to teach a lesson about critical thinking, ....or even to incite a greater sense of Wonder to these Wonders, to incite Inquiry into the Mysterious. For A Mystery It Is Indeed!
The theories that Queen Semiramis created the Hanging Gardens while plausible have little to no support in direct statements from ancient writings, and have no physical evidence to support them. Not to mention the debate surrounding her actuality and what is written of her. The theories that King Sennacherib created the Hanging Gardens. while a worthy line of inquiry is still lacking in hard evidence. This theory really should be investigated thoroughly. While it is recorded that the ancient Mesopotamians had great gardens that is circumstantial evidence at best. While it is known that the ancient Persians had great gardens, and considering the reference to the HG as a Pensile Paradise, this could point towards multiple directions, it could indicate that a confusion of times and places, it could indicate that one of the older accounts was based on myths about the origins of Persian Gardens, or it could indicate a possible origin of the great tradition of Persian Gardens. And while The Hanging Gardens of Babylon was also counted among The Seven Wonders of the World, a prestigous list well earned by all other Wonders, of which have all been found.... except the Lost 7th Wonder........ One might well assume that the list was made by those who saw and visited these wonders themselves.... However it is also possible that the Hanging Gardens was added to the list from some legend and without confirmation... It is even possible that a Mythical 7th Wonder was purposefully added for any number of reasons, perhaps as the ultimate practical joke, or to decieve, to teach a lesson about critical thinking, ....or even to incite a greater sense of Wonder to these Wonders, to incite Inquiry into the Mysterious. For A Mystery It Is Indeed!